Spatial Distribution Of Atmospheric Pollutants Through Biomonitoring In Tree Bark Using X-Ray Fluorescence

Main Article Content

Bruno Martins Gurgatz
Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira
Gisele Antoniaconi
Paulo Hilário do Nascimento Saldiva
Luciano Fernandes Huergo
Rodrigo Arantes Reis

Abstract

Several studies have shown that tree barks can absorb air contaminants, therefore, trees can be used as biomonitors to identify the distribution of atmospheric pollutants. The city of Paranaguá, located at the coast of the Paraná State in Brazil, hosts the largest bulk cargo port in Latin America and an elevated number of fertilizer processing industries. In this study we used tree barks coupled to X-ray fluorescence spectrometer analysis to biomonitor the distribution of air pollutants in the city of Paranaguá. We identified a visual correlation between the level of the elements K and Cl, with high levels detected near fertilizer warehouses. A relation between Fe levels and position of railways and train stations were also clear. The low levels of the elements Zn, Al, Ba and Mg detected in a traffic restricted zone confirm the use of these elements as markers of vehicles traffic and validate the approach of using tree barks for air pollution biomonitoring.  

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Article Details

How to Cite
Gurgatz, B. M., Carvalho-Oliveira, R., Antoniaconi, G., Saldiva, P. H. do N., Huergo, L. F., & Reis, R. A. (2018). Spatial Distribution Of Atmospheric Pollutants Through Biomonitoring In Tree Bark Using X-Ray Fluorescence. Eclética Química, 43(2), 59–64. https://doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v43.2.2018.p59-64
Section
Original articles
Author Biographies

Bruno Martins Gurgatz, Universidade Federal do Paraná

Postgraduate Program in Sustainable Territorial Development of Federal University of Paraná – Litoral.

Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira, Universidade de São Paulo

Medical School of São Paulo University (FMUSP), National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA).

Gisele Antoniaconi

Rio Grande Do Sul Public Health School

Paulo Hilário do Nascimento Saldiva, Universidade de São Paulo

Medical School of São Paulo University (FMUSP), National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA).

Luciano Fernandes Huergo, Universidade Federal do Paraná

Postgraduate Program in Sustainable Territorial Development of Federal University of Paraná – Litoral.

Rodrigo Arantes Reis, Universidade Federal do Paraná

Postgraduate Program in Sustainable Territorial Development of Federal University of Paraná – Litoral.

References

M. Marć, M. Tobiszewski, B. Zabiegała, M. de la Guardia, J. Namieśnik, Current air quality analytics and monitoring: A review, Analytica Chimica Acta. 853 (2015) 116–126. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2014.10.018.

M.F.H. Carneiro, F.Q. Ribeiro, F.N. Fernandes-Filho, D.J.A. Lobo, F. Barbosa Jr., C.R. Rhoden, T. Mauad, P.H.N. Saldiva, R. Carvalho-Oliveira, Pollen abortion rates, nitrogen dioxide by passive diffusive tubes and bioaccumulation in tree barks are effective in the characterization of air pollution, Environmental and Experimental Botany. 72 (2011) 272–277. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.04.001.

F. Guéguen, P. Stille, M. Millet, Air quality assessment by tree bark biomonitoring in urban, industrial and rural environments of the Rhine Valley: PCDD/Fs, PCBs and trace metal evidence, Chemosphere. 85 (2011) 195–202. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.032.

A. Senhou, A. Chouak, R. Cherkaoui, Z. Moutia, M. Lferde, A. Elyahyaoui, T.E. Khoukhi, M. Bounakhla, K. Embarche, A. Gaudry, S. Ayrault, M. Moskura, Sensitivity of biomonitors and local variations of element concentrations in air pollution biomonitoring, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 254 (2002) 343–349. doi:10.1023/A:1021688203179.

A.B. Ferreira, J.O. Santos, S.O. Souza, W.N.S. Júnior, J. do P.H. Alves, Use of passive biomonitoring to evaluate the environmental impact of emissions from cement industries in Sergipe State, northeast Brazil, Microchemical Journal. 103 (2012) 15–20. doi:10.1016/j.microc.2011.12.008.

B.M. Gurgatz, R. Carvalho-Oliveira, D.C. de Oliveira, E. Joucoski, G. Antoniaconi, P.H. do N. Saldiva, R.A. Reis, Atmospheric metal pollutants and environmental injustice: A methodological approach to environmental risk analysis using fuzzy logic and tree bark, Ecological Indicators. 71 (2016) 428–437. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.07.028.

C.A. da S. Campos Neto, B. Pêgo Filho, A.E. Romminger, I.M. Ferreira, Portos brasileiros 2009: ranking, área de influência, porte e valor agregado médio dos produtos movimentados, (2009). http://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/handle/11058/2606 (accessed January 13, 2017).

F. Guéguen, P. Stille, V. Dietze, R. Gieré, Chemical and isotopic properties and origin of coarse airborne particles collected by passive samplers in industrial, urban, and rural environments, Atmospheric Environment. 62 (2012) 631–645. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.044.

D. Bailey, G. Solomon, Pollution prevention at ports: clearing the air, Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 24 (2004) 749–774. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2004.06.005.

R. Gehrig, M. Hill, P. Lienemann, C.N. Zwicky, N. Bukowiecki, E. Weingartner, U. Baltensperger, B. Buchmann, Contribution of railway traffic to local PM10 concentrations in Switzerland, Atmospheric Environment. 41 (2007) 923–933. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.09.021.

P.R. Ernani, C. Bayer, J.A. de Almeida, P.C. Cassol, Vertical mobility of cations as influenced by the method of potassium chloride application to variable charge soils, Revista Brasileira de Ciência Do Solo. 31 (2007) 393–401. doi:10.1590/S0100-06832007000200022.

A. do R. Toledo, Sistema pronominal possessivo em uso na Ilha dos Valadares, (2010). http://dspace.c3sl.ufpr.br:8080/dspace/handle/1884/24437 (accessed November 20, 2015).