Biorremediação de solos contaminados por petróleo e seus derivados

Main Article Content

Juliano de Almeida Andrade
Fabio Augusto
Isabel Cristina Sales Fontes Jardim

Abstract

Em vista da eficiência comprovada da biorremediação na degradação de compostos tóxicos ao ser humano, como o benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX), diversas empresas, principalmente as relacionadas com consultorias e remediação ambiental, têm despertado grandes interesses pela implantação da biorremediação como opção para a reabilitação de áreas contaminadas. Em países desenvolvidos, como os Estados Unidos, Canadá e vários países da Europa, a técnica bioquímica de remediação vem sendo amplamente utilizada em trabalhos que se baseiam, por exemplo, no tratamento de solos contaminados por hidrocarbonetos de petróleo. Porém, ao contrário do que se tem notado nesses países, no Brasil, os projetos de biorremediação ainda estão no campo da teoria, com poucos casos práticos, embora exista uma probabilidade real de expansão. A esse despeito, uma das maiores pertinências dessa revisão é elucidar as vantagens que essa técnica pode oferecer quando é utilizada para a degradação de compostos, como os BTEX, em solos tipicamente brasileiros, cujas características físico-químicas contribuem, em muito, para a degradação desses contaminantes. Nessa conjuntura, pesquisas revelam que os fatores ambientais (como teores de umidade e oxigênio) e a disponibilidade de nutrientes nos solos, além das condições climáticas do Brasil, são bastante adequadas para o emprego dessa técnica.

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How to Cite
Andrade, J. de A., Augusto, F., & Jardim, I. C. S. F. (2010). Biorremediação de solos contaminados por petróleo e seus derivados. Eclética Química, 35(3), 17–43. https://doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v35.3.2010.p17-43
Section
Original articles

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